The Sun newspaper website hacked by Lulzsec
Yes, Lulzsec is back!
The hacker group is claiming responsibility for the redirection of the UK’s Sun Newspaper website to a fake news site claiming the death of News Corp’s mogul Rupert Murdoch.
TheSun.co.uk now redirects to the Lulzsec’s Twitter feed.
The Sun is a daily UK tabloid newspaper and owned by, you guessed it, News Corporation.
We’re working on establishing exactly how Lulzsec managed to access the site but it’s been confirmed that the redirect is simply a javascript redirect.
In addition to this, Lulzsec have released details of admins usernames and passwords on Twitter, including ex-NoTW Editor Rebecca Brooks.
Related articles
- Anonymous recruits LulzSec members and steps up attacks (theinformativereport.com)
- LulzSec hacks disrupt CIA and other U.S. agencies (digitaltrends.com)
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Keith Rupert Murdoch, AC, KSG (English pronunciation: /ˈruːpərt ˈmɜrdɒk/; born 11 March 1931) is an Australian American media mogul and the Chairman and CEO of News Corporation.
Beginning with one newspaper in Adelaide, Murdoch acquired and started other publications in his native Australia before expanding News Corp into the United Kingdom, United States and Asian media markets. Although it was in Australia in the late 1950s that he first dabbled in television, he later sold these assets, and News Corp's Australian current media interests (still mainly in print) are restricted by cross-media ownership rules. Murdoch's first permanent foray into TV was in the USA, where he created Fox Broadcasting Company in 1986. In the 2000s, he became a leading investor in satellite television, the film industry and the Internet, and purchased a respected business newspaper, The Wall Street Journal.
Rupert Murdoch was listed three times in the Time 100 as among the most influential people in the world. He is ranked 13th most powerful person in the world in the 2010 Forbes' The World's Most Powerful People list.[3] With a net worth of US$6.3 billion, he is ranked 117th wealthiest person in the world.[4]
When Murdoch was 21, his father died, prompting his return from Oxford to take charge of the family business.[5]
Over the next few years, Murdoch established himself in Australia as a dynamic business operator, expanding his holdings by acquiring suburban and provincial newspapers in New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and the Northern Territory, including the Sydney afternoon tabloid, The Daily Mirror, as well as a small Sydney-based recording company, Festival Records.
His first foray outside Australia involved the purchase of a controlling interest in the New Zealand daily The Dominion. In January 1964, while touring New Zealand with friends in a rented Morris Minor after sailing across the Tasman, Murdoch read of a takeover bid for the Wellington paper by the British-based Canadian newspaper magnate, Lord Thomson of Fleet. On the spur of the moment, he launched a counter-bid. A four-way battle for control ensued in which the 32-year-old Murdoch was ultimately successful.
Later in 1964, Murdoch launched The Australian, Australia's first national daily newspaper, which was based first in Canberra and later in Sydney.The Australian, a broadsheet, was intended to give Murdoch new respectability as a 'quality' newspaper publisher, as well as greater political influence.[citation needed]
In 1972, Murdoch acquired the Sydney morning tabloid The Daily Telegraph from Australian media mogul Sir Frank Packer, who later admitted regretting selling it to him. In that year's election, Murdoch threw his growing power behind the Australian Labor Party under the leadership of Gough Whitlam and duly saw it elected.
Rupert Murdoch – World Economic Forum Annual Meeting Davos 2007
In 1968 Murdoch entered the UK newspaper market with his acquisition of the News of the World, soon followed in 1969 of the then broadsheet daily newspaper The Sun from IPC. Murdoch turned it into a tabloid format and reduced costs by using the same printing press for both newspapers; by 2006 The Sun was selling three million copies per day.[6]
In 1981, Murdoch acquired The Times and The Sunday Times from Canadian newspaper publisher Lord Thomson of Fleet. Ownership of The Times came to him through his careful cultivation of Lord Thomson, who had grown tired of losing money on it as a result of much industrial action that stopped publication.[7]
During the 1980s and early 1990s, Murdoch's publications were generally supportive of Britain's Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.[8] At the end of the Thatcher/Major era, Murdoch switched his support to the Labour Party and its leader, Tony Blair. The closeness of his relationship with Blair and their secret meetings to discuss national policies was to become a political issue in Britain.[9] Though this later started to change, with The Sun publicly renouncing the ruling Labour government and lending its support to David Cameron's Conservative Party, which soon after came to form a coalition government. Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown's official spokesman said in November 2009 that Brown and Murdoch "were in regular communication" and that "there is nothing unusual in the prime minister talking to Rupert Murdoch".[10]
In 1986, Murdoch introduced electronic production processes to his newspapers in Australia, Britain and the United States. The greater degree of automation led to significant reductions in the number of employees involved in the printing process. In England, the move roused the anger of the print unions, resulting in a long and often violent dispute that played out in Wapping, one of London's docklands areas, where Murdoch had installed the very latest electronic newspaper publishing facility in an old warehouse.[11] The bitter dispute at Fortress Wapping started with the dismissal of 6,000 employees who had gone on strike and resulted in street battles, demonstrations and a great deal of bad publicity for Murdoch. Many on the political left in Britain suspected Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government of collusion with Murdoch in the Wapping affair, as a way of damaging the British trade union movement, by providing large numbers of police to attack and arrest pickets using violence and provocation.[12]
Murdoch's British-based satellite network, Sky Television, incurred massive losses in its early years of operation. As with many of his other business interests, Sky was heavily subsidised by the profits generated by his other holdings, but eventually he was able to convince rival satellite operator British Satellite Broadcasting to accept a merger on his terms in 1990. The merged company, BSkyB, has dominated the British pay-TV market ever since.[13]
In response to print media's decline and the increasing influence of online journalism during the 2000s,[14] Murdoch proclaimed his support of the micropayments model for obtaining revenue from on-line news,[15] although this has been criticised by some.[16]
News Corporation has subsidiaries in the Bahamas, the Cayman Islands, the Channel Islands and the Virgin Islands. From 1986, News Corporation's annual tax bill averaged around seven percent of its profits.[17]
In 1995, Murdoch's Fox Network became the object of scrutiny from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), when it was alleged that News Ltd.'s Australian base made Murdoch's ownership of Fox illegal. However, the FCC ruled in Murdoch's favor, stating that his ownership of Fox was in the best interests of the public. That same year, Murdoch announced a deal with MCI Communications to develop a major news website and magazine, The Weekly Standard. Also that year, News Corp. launched the Foxtel pay television network in Australia in partnership with Telstra.
In 1996, Murdoch decided to enter the cable news market with the Fox News Channel, a 24-hour cable news television station. Ratings studies released in the fourth quarter of 2004 showed that the network was responsible for nine of the top ten programs in the "Cable News" category at that time[citation needed]. Rupert Murdoch and Ted Turner (founder and former owner of CNN) are long-standing rivals.[citation needed]
In late 2003, Murdoch acquired a 34 percent stake in Hughes Electronics, the operator of the largest American satellite TV system, DirecTV, from General Motors for $6 billion (USD).
In 2004, Murdoch announced that he was moving News Corp.'s headquarters from Adelaide, Australia to the United States. Choosing a US domicile was designed to ensure that American fund managers could purchase shares in the company, since many were deciding not to buy shares in non-US companies. Some analysts believed that News Corp.'s Australian domicile was leading to the company being undervalued compared with its peers.
On 20 July 2005, News Corp. bought Intermix Media Inc., which held MySpace.com and other popular social networking-themed websites, for $580 million USD.[18] In June 2011, it sold off Myspace for US$35 million.[19]On 11 September 2005, News Corp. announced that it would buy IGN Entertainment for $650 million (USD).[20]
In May 2007, Murdoch made a $5 billion offer to purchase Dow Jones, owner of the Wall Street Journal. At the time, the Bancroft family, which controlled 64% of the shares, firmly declined the offer, opposing Murdoch's much-used strategy of slashing employee numbers and "gutting" existing systems. Later, the Bancroft family confirmed a willingness to consider a sale – besides Murdoch, the Associated Press reported that supermarket magnate Ron Burkle and Internet entrepreneur Brad Greenspan were among the interested parties.[21] On 1 August 2007, the BBC's "News and World Report"[22] and NPR's Marketplace[23] radio programs reported that Murdoch had acquired Dow Jones; this news was received with mixed reactions.
On 6 July 2011, British prime minister David Cameron declared that a public government inquiry would convene to investigate the affair, once police inquiries had been completed. On 13 July, Cameron named Lord Justice Leveson as chairman of the inquiry, with a remit to look into the specific claims about phone hacking and police bribery by the News of the World, while a separate inquiry would consider the culture and ethics of the British media.[27] He also said the Press Complaints Commission would be replaced "entirely".[26]
The scandal attracted attention in the United States, where News Corporation is headquartered and operates a multitude of media outlets. On 15 July, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder confirmed that the Department of Justice was following up calls for an investigation into the company.[28]
After McEwen and Menzies retired, Murdoch transferred his support to the newly elected Leader of the Australian Labor Party, Gough Whitlam, who was elected in 1972 on a social platform that included universal free health care, free education for all Australians to tertiary level, recognition of the People's Republic of China, and public ownership of Australia's oil, gas and mineral resources.
Rupert Murdoch's flirtation with Whitlam turned out to be brief. He had already started his short-lived National Star[29] newspaper in America, and was seeking to strengthen his political contacts there.[30]
Asked about the Australian federal election, 2007 at News Corporation's annual general meeting in New York on 19 October 2007, its chairman Rupert Murdoch said, "I am not commenting on anything to do with Australian politics. I'm sorry. I always get into trouble when I do that." Pressed as to whether he believed Prime Minister John Howard should be re-elected, he said: "I have nothing further to say. I'm sorry. Read our editorials in the papers. It'll be the journalists who decide that – the editors."[31]
Murdoch nonetheless later described Howard's successor, Labor Party Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, as "...more ambitious to lead the world than to lead Australia..." and criticised Rudd's expansionary fiscal policies as unnecessary: "We were not about to collapse...I thought we were trying to copy the rest of the world a little unnecessarily."[32] Murdoch also opined that Rudd was "...oversensitive and too sensitive for his own good..."[33] Rudd did not believe that News Limited's coverage of the 2009 OzCar affair controversy was fair, and had challenged a journalist with The Australian asking "what sort of journalistic checks were put in place" at the paper before publishing a story suggesting Rudd was corrupt. Although News Limited's interests are extensive, also including the Daily Telegraph, the Courier-Mail and the Adelaide Advertiser, it was suggested[who?] that "the anti-Rudd push, if it is coordinated at all, is almost certainly locally driven" as opposed to being directed by Murdoch.[34]
McNight (2010) identifies four characteristics of his media operations: free market ideology; unified positions on matters of public policy; global editorial meetings; and opposition to a perceived liberal bias in other public media.[37]
On 8 May 2006, the Financial Times reported that Murdoch would be hosting a fund-raiser for Senator Hillary Clinton's (D-New York) Senate re-election campaign.[38]
In a 2008 interview with Walt Mossberg, Murdoch was asked whether he had "anything to do with the New York Post's endorsement of Barack Obama in the democratic primaries." Without hesitating, Murdoch replied, "Yeah. He is a rock star. It's fantastic. I love what he is saying about education. I don't think he will win Florida... but he will win in Ohio and the election. I am anxious to meet him. I want to see if he will walk the walk."[39][40]
In 2010 News Corporation gave $1M to the Republican Governors Association and $1M to the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.[41][42][43]
Murdoch also served on the board of directors of the libertarian Cato Institute.[44]
In a speech delivered in New York, Rupert Murdoch said that the British Prime Minister Tony Blair described the BBC coverage of the Hurricane Katrina disaster as being full of hatred of America.[47]
In 1998, Rupert Murdoch failed in his attempt to buy the football club Manchester United F.C. with an offer of £625 million. It was the largest amount ever offered for a sports club. It was blocked by the United Kingdom's Competition Commission, which stated that the acquisition would have "hurt competition in the broadcast industry and the quality of British football".
On 28 June 2006 the BBC reported that Murdoch and News Corporation were flirting with the idea of backing Conservative leader David Cameron at the next General Election.[48] However, in a later interview in July 2006, when he was asked what he thought of the Conservative leader, Murdoch replied "Not much".[49] In a 2009 blog, it was suggested that in the aftermath of the News of the World phone hacking scandal which is still ongoing in 2011 and might yet have Transatlantic implications [50] , Murdoch and News Corporation might have decided to back Cameron. [51] Despite this there had already been a convergence of interests between the two men over the muting of Britain's communications regulator Ofcom.[52]
In 2006, Britain's Independent newspaper reported that Murdoch would offer Tony Blair a senior role in his global media company News Corp. when the prime minister stood down from office.[53]
He is accused by former Solidarity MSP Tommy Sheridan of having a personal vendetta against him and of conspiring with MI5 to produce a video of him confessing to having affairs – allegations over which Sheridan had previously sued News International and won.[54] On being arrested for perjury following the case, Sheridan claimed that the charges were "orchestrated and influenced by the powerful reach of the Murdoch empire".[55]
In July 2011 it emerged that Cameron met key executives of Murdoch's News Corporation 26 times during the 14 months that Cameron had served as Prime Minister.[58] It was also reported that Murdoch had given Cameron a personal guarantee that there would be no risk attached to hiring the ex-editor of the News of the World Andy Coulson as the Conservative Party's communication director in 2007.[59] This was in spite of Coulson having resigned as editor over phone hacking by a reporter. Cameron chose to take Murdoch's advice, despite warnings from Nick Clegg, Lord Ashdown and The Guardian.[60] Coulson resigned his post in 2011 and was later arrested and questioned on allegations of further criminal activity at The News of the World.
Murdoch has been married three times.
In 1956 he married Patricia Booker, a former shop assistant and flight attendant from Melbourne with whom he had his first child, a daughter, Prudence, born in 1958. Rupert and Patricia Murdoch divorced in 1967.
In 1967 Murdoch married Anna Torv, a Scottish-born cadet journalist working for his Sydney newspaper The Daily Telegraph (not to be mistaken for the actress Anna Torv of Fringe who is the elder Torv's niece). During his marriage to Torv, a Roman Catholic, Murdoch was awarded the KSG, a papal honour. Torv and Murdoch had three children: Elisabeth Murdoch (born in Sydney, Australia on 22 August 1968), Lachlan Murdoch (born in London, UK on 8 September 1971), and James Murdoch, (born in Wimbledon, UK on 13 December 1972). Murdoch's companies published two novels by his then wife: Family Business (1988) and Coming to Terms (1991), both widely regarded[61] as vanity publications. Anna and Rupert divorced in June 1999. Anna Murdoch received a settlement of US$ 1.2 billion in assets.[62]
On 25 June 1999, 17 days after the divorce from Anna, Murdoch, then aged 68, married Chinese-born Deng Wendi (Wendi Deng in Western style). She was 30, a recent Yale School of Management graduate, and a newly appointed vice-president of his STAR TV. Rupert Murdoch has two children with her: Grace Helen (born in New York 19 November 2001) and Chloe (born in New York 17 July 2003).
Murdoch has six children. Murdoch's eldest son Lachlan, formerly the deputy chief operating officer at the News Corporation and the publisher of the New York Post, was Murdoch's heir apparent before resigning from his executive posts at the global media company at the end of July 2005. Lachlan's departure left James Murdoch chief executive of the satellite television service British Sky Broadcasting since November 2003, as the only Murdoch son still directly involved with the company's operations, though Lachlan has agreed to remain on the News Corporation's board.
After graduating from Vassar College and marrying classmate Elkin Kwesi Pianim (the son of Ghanaian financial and political mogul Kwame Pianim) in 1993, Murdoch's daughter Elisabeth, along with her husband, purchased a pair of NBC-affiliate television stations in California, KSBW and KSBY, with a $35 million loan provided by her father. By quickly re-organising and re-selling them at a $12 million profit in 1995, Elisabeth emerged as an unexpected rival to her brothers for the eventual leadership of the publishing dynasty's empire. But after divorcing her first husband in 1998 and quarrelling publicly with her assigned mentor Sam Chisholm at BSkyB, she struck out on her own as a television and film producer in London. She has since enjoyed independent success, in conjunction with her second husband, Matthew Freud, the great-grandson of Sigmund Freud (the founder of psychoanalysis) whom she married in 2001.
It is not known how long Murdoch will remain as News Corp.'s CEO. For a while the American cable television entrepreneur John Malone was the second-largest voting shareholder in News Corporation after Murdoch himself, potentially undermining the family's control. In 2007, the company announced that it would sell certain assets and give cash to Malone's company in exchange for its stock. In 2007 Murdoch issued his older children with equal voting stock.
Rupert Murdoch has been portrayed by Barry Humphries in the 1991 mini-series Selling Hitler, Hugh Laurie in a parody of It's a Wonderful Life in the television show A Bit of Fry & Laurie, Ben Mendelsohn in the film Black and White, Paul Elder in The Late Shift and by himself on The Simpsons first in "Sunday, Cruddy Sunday" and most recently in "Judge Me Tender".
It has been speculated that the character of Elliot Carver, the global media magnate and main villain in the 1997 James Bond movie Tomorrow Never Dies, is based on Rupert Murdoch. The writer of the film, Bruce Feirstein, has stated that Carver was actually inspired by British press magnate Robert Maxwell, who was one of Murdoch's rivals.[64]
In 1999, the Ted Turner owned TBS aired an original sitcom, The Chimp Channel. This featured an all-simian cast and the role of an Australian TV veteran named Harry Waller. The character is described as "a self-made gazillionaire with business interests in all sorts of fields. He owns newspapers, hotel chains, sports franchises and genetic technologies, as well as everyone's favorite cable TV channel, The Chimp Channel." Waller is thought to be a parody of Murdoch, a long-time rival of Turner's.[65]
In 2004, the movie Outfoxed included many interviews accusing Fox News of pressuring reporters to report only one side of news stories, in order to influence viewers' political opinions.[66] The movie did a quick inventory of Rupert Murdoch's media holdings, indicating that his media reached approximately 3/4 of the world's population.[67]
...and I am Sid Harth@mysistereileen.com
Rupert Murdoch
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 | This biographical July 2011 needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (July 2011) |
| Rupert Murdoch | |
|---|---|
 Murdoch at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival Vanity Fair party | |
| Born | Keith Rupert Murdoch 11 March 1931 (age 80) Melbourne, Australia |
| Nationality | United States |
| Citizenship | United States (naturalized 1985) |
| Occupation | Chairman and CEO of News Corporation |
| Net worth |  US$7.6 billion (2011)[1] |
| Spouse | Patricia Booker (m. 1956–1967) Anna Maria Torv (m. 1967–1999) Wendi Deng (m. 1999–present) |
| Children | Prudence Murdoch (b. 1958) Elisabeth Murdoch (b. 1968) Lachlan Murdoch (b. 1971) James Murdoch (b. 1972) Grace Murdoch (b. 2001) Chloe Murdoch (b. 2005) |
| Parents | Keith Murdoch (1885–1952) Elisabeth Joy (née Greene, b. 1909) |
| Relatives | Matthew Freud (son-in-law) Sarah Murdoch (daughter-in-law) |
| Awards | Companion of the Order of Australia (1984).[2] |
| Notes a Australian citizenship lost in 1985 (under S17 of Australian Citizenship Act 1948) with acquisition of U.S nationality | |
Beginning with one newspaper in Adelaide, Murdoch acquired and started other publications in his native Australia before expanding News Corp into the United Kingdom, United States and Asian media markets. Although it was in Australia in the late 1950s that he first dabbled in television, he later sold these assets, and News Corp's Australian current media interests (still mainly in print) are restricted by cross-media ownership rules. Murdoch's first permanent foray into TV was in the USA, where he created Fox Broadcasting Company in 1986. In the 2000s, he became a leading investor in satellite television, the film industry and the Internet, and purchased a respected business newspaper, The Wall Street Journal.
Rupert Murdoch was listed three times in the Time 100 as among the most influential people in the world. He is ranked 13th most powerful person in the world in the 2010 Forbes' The World's Most Powerful People list.[3] With a net worth of US$6.3 billion, he is ranked 117th wealthiest person in the world.[4]
Early life
Keith Rupert Murdoch was born in Melbourne, the only son of Sir Keith Murdoch and Elisabeth Joy (née Greene). At the time, his father was a regional newspaper magnate based in Melbourne, and as a result, the family was wealthy. Murdoch was groomed by his father from an early age, and attended the elite Geelong Grammar School. He later read Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Worcester College, Oxford University in the United Kingdom, where he supported the Labour Party.[5]When Murdoch was 21, his father died, prompting his return from Oxford to take charge of the family business.[5]
Business activities
Early business activities in Australia and New Zealand (1953–1972)
In 1953, having returned to Australia following his father's death, he became managing director of News Limited.[5] He began to direct his attention to acquisition and expansion. He bought the Sunday Times in Perth, Western Australia.Over the next few years, Murdoch established himself in Australia as a dynamic business operator, expanding his holdings by acquiring suburban and provincial newspapers in New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and the Northern Territory, including the Sydney afternoon tabloid, The Daily Mirror, as well as a small Sydney-based recording company, Festival Records.
His first foray outside Australia involved the purchase of a controlling interest in the New Zealand daily The Dominion. In January 1964, while touring New Zealand with friends in a rented Morris Minor after sailing across the Tasman, Murdoch read of a takeover bid for the Wellington paper by the British-based Canadian newspaper magnate, Lord Thomson of Fleet. On the spur of the moment, he launched a counter-bid. A four-way battle for control ensued in which the 32-year-old Murdoch was ultimately successful.
Later in 1964, Murdoch launched The Australian, Australia's first national daily newspaper, which was based first in Canberra and later in Sydney.The Australian, a broadsheet, was intended to give Murdoch new respectability as a 'quality' newspaper publisher, as well as greater political influence.[citation needed]
In 1972, Murdoch acquired the Sydney morning tabloid The Daily Telegraph from Australian media mogul Sir Frank Packer, who later admitted regretting selling it to him. In that year's election, Murdoch threw his growing power behind the Australian Labor Party under the leadership of Gough Whitlam and duly saw it elected.
Business activities in Britain (1968–)
In 1981, Murdoch acquired The Times and The Sunday Times from Canadian newspaper publisher Lord Thomson of Fleet. Ownership of The Times came to him through his careful cultivation of Lord Thomson, who had grown tired of losing money on it as a result of much industrial action that stopped publication.[7]
During the 1980s and early 1990s, Murdoch's publications were generally supportive of Britain's Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.[8] At the end of the Thatcher/Major era, Murdoch switched his support to the Labour Party and its leader, Tony Blair. The closeness of his relationship with Blair and their secret meetings to discuss national policies was to become a political issue in Britain.[9] Though this later started to change, with The Sun publicly renouncing the ruling Labour government and lending its support to David Cameron's Conservative Party, which soon after came to form a coalition government. Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown's official spokesman said in November 2009 that Brown and Murdoch "were in regular communication" and that "there is nothing unusual in the prime minister talking to Rupert Murdoch".[10]
In 1986, Murdoch introduced electronic production processes to his newspapers in Australia, Britain and the United States. The greater degree of automation led to significant reductions in the number of employees involved in the printing process. In England, the move roused the anger of the print unions, resulting in a long and often violent dispute that played out in Wapping, one of London's docklands areas, where Murdoch had installed the very latest electronic newspaper publishing facility in an old warehouse.[11] The bitter dispute at Fortress Wapping started with the dismissal of 6,000 employees who had gone on strike and resulted in street battles, demonstrations and a great deal of bad publicity for Murdoch. Many on the political left in Britain suspected Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government of collusion with Murdoch in the Wapping affair, as a way of damaging the British trade union movement, by providing large numbers of police to attack and arrest pickets using violence and provocation.[12]
Murdoch's British-based satellite network, Sky Television, incurred massive losses in its early years of operation. As with many of his other business interests, Sky was heavily subsidised by the profits generated by his other holdings, but eventually he was able to convince rival satellite operator British Satellite Broadcasting to accept a merger on his terms in 1990. The merged company, BSkyB, has dominated the British pay-TV market ever since.[13]
In response to print media's decline and the increasing influence of online journalism during the 2000s,[14] Murdoch proclaimed his support of the micropayments model for obtaining revenue from on-line news,[15] although this has been criticised by some.[16]
News Corporation has subsidiaries in the Bahamas, the Cayman Islands, the Channel Islands and the Virgin Islands. From 1986, News Corporation's annual tax bill averaged around seven percent of its profits.[17]
Business activities in the United States (1973–)
Murdoch made his first acquisition in the United States in 1973, when he purchased the San Antonio Express-News. Soon afterwards, he founded Star, a supermarket tabloid, and in 1976, he purchased the New York Post. On 4 September 1985, Murdoch became a naturalised citizen to satisfy the legal requirement that only US citizens were permitted to own American television stations. Also in 1985, Murdoch purchased the 20th Century Fox movie studio. In 1986, Murdoch purchased six television stations owned by Metromedia. These stations would form the nucleus of the Fox Broadcasting Company, which was founded on 9 October 1986. In 1987, in Australia he bought The Herald and Weekly Times Ltd, the company that his father had once managed. By 1991, his Australian-based News Corp. had worked up huge debts (much from Sky TV in the UK)[citation needed], forcing Murdoch to sell many of the American magazine interests he had acquired in the mid-1980s.In 1995, Murdoch's Fox Network became the object of scrutiny from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), when it was alleged that News Ltd.'s Australian base made Murdoch's ownership of Fox illegal. However, the FCC ruled in Murdoch's favor, stating that his ownership of Fox was in the best interests of the public. That same year, Murdoch announced a deal with MCI Communications to develop a major news website and magazine, The Weekly Standard. Also that year, News Corp. launched the Foxtel pay television network in Australia in partnership with Telstra.
In 1996, Murdoch decided to enter the cable news market with the Fox News Channel, a 24-hour cable news television station. Ratings studies released in the fourth quarter of 2004 showed that the network was responsible for nine of the top ten programs in the "Cable News" category at that time[citation needed]. Rupert Murdoch and Ted Turner (founder and former owner of CNN) are long-standing rivals.[citation needed]
In late 2003, Murdoch acquired a 34 percent stake in Hughes Electronics, the operator of the largest American satellite TV system, DirecTV, from General Motors for $6 billion (USD).
In 2004, Murdoch announced that he was moving News Corp.'s headquarters from Adelaide, Australia to the United States. Choosing a US domicile was designed to ensure that American fund managers could purchase shares in the company, since many were deciding not to buy shares in non-US companies. Some analysts believed that News Corp.'s Australian domicile was leading to the company being undervalued compared with its peers.
On 20 July 2005, News Corp. bought Intermix Media Inc., which held MySpace.com and other popular social networking-themed websites, for $580 million USD.[18] In June 2011, it sold off Myspace for US$35 million.[19]On 11 September 2005, News Corp. announced that it would buy IGN Entertainment for $650 million (USD).[20]
In May 2007, Murdoch made a $5 billion offer to purchase Dow Jones, owner of the Wall Street Journal. At the time, the Bancroft family, which controlled 64% of the shares, firmly declined the offer, opposing Murdoch's much-used strategy of slashing employee numbers and "gutting" existing systems. Later, the Bancroft family confirmed a willingness to consider a sale – besides Murdoch, the Associated Press reported that supermarket magnate Ron Burkle and Internet entrepreneur Brad Greenspan were among the interested parties.[21] On 1 August 2007, the BBC's "News and World Report"[22] and NPR's Marketplace[23] radio programs reported that Murdoch had acquired Dow Jones; this news was received with mixed reactions.
Expansion in Asia (1993–)
In 1993, Murdoch acquired Star TV, a Hong Kong company founded by Richard Li for $1 billion (Souchou, 2000:28), and subsequently set up offices for it throughout Asia. It is one of the biggest satellite TV networks in Asia. However, the deal did not work out as Murdoch had planned, because the Chinese government placed restrictions on it that prevented it from reaching most of China. It was around this time that Murdoch met his third wife Wendi Deng.Later business activities in Australia (1999–)
In 1999, Murdoch significantly expanded his music holdings in Australia by acquiring the controlling share in a leading Australian independent label, Michael Gudinski's Mushroom Records; he merged that with Festival Records, and the result was Festival Mushroom Records (FMR). Both Festival and FMR were managed by Murdoch's son James Murdoch for several years.Controversies and legal challenges concerning News International
C7 lawsuit
In September 2005 Australian media proprietor Kerry Stokes, owner of the Seven Network, instituted legal action against News Corporation and the PBL organisation, headed by Kerry Packer alleging anti-competitive business practices. The suit stemmed from the 2002 collapse of Stokes' planned cable television channel C7 Sport, which would have been a direct competitor to the other major Australian cable provider, Foxtel, in which News and PBL have major stakes. However, Justice Sackville dismissed Seven's case on all grounds, saying that there was "more than a hint of hypocrisy" in many of Seven's claims.[24]Legal dispute in Italy
In 2010 Murdoch won a media dispute with Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi. A judge ruled the Italian Prime Minister's media arm Mediaset had prevented News Corp.'s Italian unit, Sky Italia, from buying advertisements on its television networks.[25]News International phone hacking scandals (2006– )
Main article: News International phone hacking scandal
Starting in 2006, there were allegations that individuals working for the News of the World, a now-defunct British tabloid newspaper published by News International—a subsidiary of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation—had engaged in phone hacking. The scandal came to prominence in the midst of an attempted takeover of British Sky Broadcasting by News Corporation, which was forced to abandon the acquisition.[26] While the original allegations were limited to the hacking of celebrities, politicians and members of the British Royal Family, further allegations that victims of the phone hacking included murdered schoolgirl Milly Dowler, relatives of deceased British soldiers, and victims of the 7/7 London bombings generated widespread public outrage in the United Kingdom. The News of the World published its final edition on 10 July 2011 after 168 years of publication.[26]On 6 July 2011, British prime minister David Cameron declared that a public government inquiry would convene to investigate the affair, once police inquiries had been completed. On 13 July, Cameron named Lord Justice Leveson as chairman of the inquiry, with a remit to look into the specific claims about phone hacking and police bribery by the News of the World, while a separate inquiry would consider the culture and ethics of the British media.[27] He also said the Press Complaints Commission would be replaced "entirely".[26]
The scandal attracted attention in the United States, where News Corporation is headquartered and operates a multitude of media outlets. On 15 July, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder confirmed that the Department of Justice was following up calls for an investigation into the company.[28]
Political activities
Political activities in Australia
Murdoch found a political ally in John McEwen, leader of the Australian Country Party (now known as the National Party of Australia), who was governing in coalition with the larger Menzies-Holt Liberal Party. From the very first issue of The Australian Murdoch began taking McEwen's side in every issue that divided the long-serving coalition partners. (The Australian, 15 July 1964, first edition, front page: "Strain in Cabinet, Liberal-CP row flares.") It was an issue that threatened to split the coalition government and open the way for the stronger Australian Labor Party to dominate Australian politics. It was the beginning of a long campaign that served McEwen well.[29]After McEwen and Menzies retired, Murdoch transferred his support to the newly elected Leader of the Australian Labor Party, Gough Whitlam, who was elected in 1972 on a social platform that included universal free health care, free education for all Australians to tertiary level, recognition of the People's Republic of China, and public ownership of Australia's oil, gas and mineral resources.
Rupert Murdoch's flirtation with Whitlam turned out to be brief. He had already started his short-lived National Star[29] newspaper in America, and was seeking to strengthen his political contacts there.[30]
Asked about the Australian federal election, 2007 at News Corporation's annual general meeting in New York on 19 October 2007, its chairman Rupert Murdoch said, "I am not commenting on anything to do with Australian politics. I'm sorry. I always get into trouble when I do that." Pressed as to whether he believed Prime Minister John Howard should be re-elected, he said: "I have nothing further to say. I'm sorry. Read our editorials in the papers. It'll be the journalists who decide that – the editors."[31]
Murdoch nonetheless later described Howard's successor, Labor Party Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, as "...more ambitious to lead the world than to lead Australia..." and criticised Rudd's expansionary fiscal policies as unnecessary: "We were not about to collapse...I thought we were trying to copy the rest of the world a little unnecessarily."[32] Murdoch also opined that Rudd was "...oversensitive and too sensitive for his own good..."[33] Rudd did not believe that News Limited's coverage of the 2009 OzCar affair controversy was fair, and had challenged a journalist with The Australian asking "what sort of journalistic checks were put in place" at the paper before publishing a story suggesting Rudd was corrupt. Although News Limited's interests are extensive, also including the Daily Telegraph, the Courier-Mail and the Adelaide Advertiser, it was suggested[who?] that "the anti-Rudd push, if it is coordinated at all, is almost certainly locally driven" as opposed to being directed by Murdoch.[34]
Political activities in the United States
In 1985 Murdoch became a United States citizen to satisfy legislation that only United States citizens could own American television stations. This also resulted in Murdoch losing his Australian citizenship.[35][36]McNight (2010) identifies four characteristics of his media operations: free market ideology; unified positions on matters of public policy; global editorial meetings; and opposition to a perceived liberal bias in other public media.[37]
On 8 May 2006, the Financial Times reported that Murdoch would be hosting a fund-raiser for Senator Hillary Clinton's (D-New York) Senate re-election campaign.[38]
In a 2008 interview with Walt Mossberg, Murdoch was asked whether he had "anything to do with the New York Post's endorsement of Barack Obama in the democratic primaries." Without hesitating, Murdoch replied, "Yeah. He is a rock star. It's fantastic. I love what he is saying about education. I don't think he will win Florida... but he will win in Ohio and the election. I am anxious to meet him. I want to see if he will walk the walk."[39][40]
In 2010 News Corporation gave $1M to the Republican Governors Association and $1M to the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.[41][42][43]
Murdoch also served on the board of directors of the libertarian Cato Institute.[44]
Political activities in the United Kingdom
In Britain in the 1980s Murdoch formed a close alliance with Margaret Thatcher, and The Sun credited itself with helping John Major to win an unexpected election victory in the 1992 general election.[45] However, in the general elections of 1997, 2001 and 2005, Murdoch's papers were either neutral or supported Labour under Tony Blair. This has led some critics to argue that Murdoch simply supports the incumbent parties (or those who seem most likely to win an upcoming election) in the hope of influencing government decisions that may affect his businesses. The Labour Party under Blair had moved from the Left to a more central position on many economic issues prior to 1997. Murdoch identifies himself as a libertarian, saying "What does libertarian mean? As much individual responsibility as possible, as little government as possible, as few rules as possible. But I'm not saying it should be taken to the absolute limit."[46]In a speech delivered in New York, Rupert Murdoch said that the British Prime Minister Tony Blair described the BBC coverage of the Hurricane Katrina disaster as being full of hatred of America.[47]
In 1998, Rupert Murdoch failed in his attempt to buy the football club Manchester United F.C. with an offer of £625 million. It was the largest amount ever offered for a sports club. It was blocked by the United Kingdom's Competition Commission, which stated that the acquisition would have "hurt competition in the broadcast industry and the quality of British football".
On 28 June 2006 the BBC reported that Murdoch and News Corporation were flirting with the idea of backing Conservative leader David Cameron at the next General Election.[48] However, in a later interview in July 2006, when he was asked what he thought of the Conservative leader, Murdoch replied "Not much".[49] In a 2009 blog, it was suggested that in the aftermath of the News of the World phone hacking scandal which is still ongoing in 2011 and might yet have Transatlantic implications [50] , Murdoch and News Corporation might have decided to back Cameron. [51] Despite this there had already been a convergence of interests between the two men over the muting of Britain's communications regulator Ofcom.[52]
In 2006, Britain's Independent newspaper reported that Murdoch would offer Tony Blair a senior role in his global media company News Corp. when the prime minister stood down from office.[53]
He is accused by former Solidarity MSP Tommy Sheridan of having a personal vendetta against him and of conspiring with MI5 to produce a video of him confessing to having affairs – allegations over which Sheridan had previously sued News International and won.[54] On being arrested for perjury following the case, Sheridan claimed that the charges were "orchestrated and influenced by the powerful reach of the Murdoch empire".[55]
David Cameron
In August 2008 British Conservative leader and future Prime Minister David Cameron accepted free flights to hold private talks and attend private parties with Murdoch on his yacht, the Rosehearty.[56] Cameron has declared in the Commons register of interests he accepted a private plane provided by Murdoch's son-in-law, public relations guru Matthew Freud; Cameron has not revealed his talks with Murdoch. The gift of travel in Freud's Gulfstream IV private jet was valued at around £30,000. Other guests attending the "social events" included the then EU trade commissioner Lord Mandelson, the Russian oligarch Oleg Deripaska and co-chairman of NBC Universal Ben Silverman. The Conservatives have not disclosed what was discussed.[57]In July 2011 it emerged that Cameron met key executives of Murdoch's News Corporation 26 times during the 14 months that Cameron had served as Prime Minister.[58] It was also reported that Murdoch had given Cameron a personal guarantee that there would be no risk attached to hiring the ex-editor of the News of the World Andy Coulson as the Conservative Party's communication director in 2007.[59] This was in spite of Coulson having resigned as editor over phone hacking by a reporter. Cameron chose to take Murdoch's advice, despite warnings from Nick Clegg, Lord Ashdown and The Guardian.[60] Coulson resigned his post in 2011 and was later arrested and questioned on allegations of further criminal activity at The News of the World.
Personal life
Marriages
In 1956 he married Patricia Booker, a former shop assistant and flight attendant from Melbourne with whom he had his first child, a daughter, Prudence, born in 1958. Rupert and Patricia Murdoch divorced in 1967.
In 1967 Murdoch married Anna Torv, a Scottish-born cadet journalist working for his Sydney newspaper The Daily Telegraph (not to be mistaken for the actress Anna Torv of Fringe who is the elder Torv's niece). During his marriage to Torv, a Roman Catholic, Murdoch was awarded the KSG, a papal honour. Torv and Murdoch had three children: Elisabeth Murdoch (born in Sydney, Australia on 22 August 1968), Lachlan Murdoch (born in London, UK on 8 September 1971), and James Murdoch, (born in Wimbledon, UK on 13 December 1972). Murdoch's companies published two novels by his then wife: Family Business (1988) and Coming to Terms (1991), both widely regarded[61] as vanity publications. Anna and Rupert divorced in June 1999. Anna Murdoch received a settlement of US$ 1.2 billion in assets.[62]
On 25 June 1999, 17 days after the divorce from Anna, Murdoch, then aged 68, married Chinese-born Deng Wendi (Wendi Deng in Western style). She was 30, a recent Yale School of Management graduate, and a newly appointed vice-president of his STAR TV. Rupert Murdoch has two children with her: Grace Helen (born in New York 19 November 2001) and Chloe (born in New York 17 July 2003).
Children
 | This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2011) |
After graduating from Vassar College and marrying classmate Elkin Kwesi Pianim (the son of Ghanaian financial and political mogul Kwame Pianim) in 1993, Murdoch's daughter Elisabeth, along with her husband, purchased a pair of NBC-affiliate television stations in California, KSBW and KSBY, with a $35 million loan provided by her father. By quickly re-organising and re-selling them at a $12 million profit in 1995, Elisabeth emerged as an unexpected rival to her brothers for the eventual leadership of the publishing dynasty's empire. But after divorcing her first husband in 1998 and quarrelling publicly with her assigned mentor Sam Chisholm at BSkyB, she struck out on her own as a television and film producer in London. She has since enjoyed independent success, in conjunction with her second husband, Matthew Freud, the great-grandson of Sigmund Freud (the founder of psychoanalysis) whom she married in 2001.
It is not known how long Murdoch will remain as News Corp.'s CEO. For a while the American cable television entrepreneur John Malone was the second-largest voting shareholder in News Corporation after Murdoch himself, potentially undermining the family's control. In 2007, the company announced that it would sell certain assets and give cash to Malone's company in exchange for its stock. In 2007 Murdoch issued his older children with equal voting stock.
Portrayal on television, in film, books and music
Rupert Murdoch and rival newspaper and publishing magnate Robert Maxwell are thinly fictionalised as "Keith Townsend" and "Richard Armstrong" in The Fourth Estate by British novelist and former MP Jeffrey Archer.[63]Rupert Murdoch has been portrayed by Barry Humphries in the 1991 mini-series Selling Hitler, Hugh Laurie in a parody of It's a Wonderful Life in the television show A Bit of Fry & Laurie, Ben Mendelsohn in the film Black and White, Paul Elder in The Late Shift and by himself on The Simpsons first in "Sunday, Cruddy Sunday" and most recently in "Judge Me Tender".
It has been speculated that the character of Elliot Carver, the global media magnate and main villain in the 1997 James Bond movie Tomorrow Never Dies, is based on Rupert Murdoch. The writer of the film, Bruce Feirstein, has stated that Carver was actually inspired by British press magnate Robert Maxwell, who was one of Murdoch's rivals.[64]
In 1999, the Ted Turner owned TBS aired an original sitcom, The Chimp Channel. This featured an all-simian cast and the role of an Australian TV veteran named Harry Waller. The character is described as "a self-made gazillionaire with business interests in all sorts of fields. He owns newspapers, hotel chains, sports franchises and genetic technologies, as well as everyone's favorite cable TV channel, The Chimp Channel." Waller is thought to be a parody of Murdoch, a long-time rival of Turner's.[65]
In 2004, the movie Outfoxed included many interviews accusing Fox News of pressuring reporters to report only one side of news stories, in order to influence viewers' political opinions.[66] The movie did a quick inventory of Rupert Murdoch's media holdings, indicating that his media reached approximately 3/4 of the world's population.[67]
Remuneration and wealth
According to the 2010 list of Forbes richest Americans, Murdoch is the 38th richest person in the US and the 117th-richest person in the world, with a net worth of $6.2 billion.[68]See also
Notes
- ^ Rupert Murdoch profile page Forbes.com. Retrieved September 2010.
- ^ "AC AD84. For service to the media, particularly the newspaper publishing industry.""Australian Honours". Australian Government. Retrieved 27 February 2010.
- ^ The World's Most Powerful People, Forbes.
- ^ The World's Billionaires, Forbes.
- ^ a b c Walker, Andrew (31 July 2002). "Rupert Murdoch: Bigger than Kane". British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 27 December 2009.
- ^ Page (2003) pp. 131–35, et seq.
- ^ Harold Evans, Good Times, Bad Times, 1983
- ^ Page (2003) p. 3, pp. 253–419
- ^ Hinsliff, Gaby (23 July 2006). "The PM, the mogul and the secret agenda". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 10 April 2010.
- ^ Mulholland, Hélène (12 November 2009). "Gordon Brown spoke to Rupert Murdoch after misspelling row". The Guardian (London)
- ^ Page (2003), pp. 368–393
- ^ Rt. Hon. Tony Benn cited in Hansard, 8 May 1986. 'The mounted police advanced out of the plant exactly as the tactical options manual says that they should. They ran into the crowd. They were covered by riot police who did several things. First they ran indiscriminately into the crowd and battered people who had had nothing whatsoever to do with any stones that might have been thrown. . . They surrounded the bus that was acting as an ambulance. One man had a heart attack and I appealed over the loudspeaker for the police to withdraw to allow an ambulance to come. None was allowed for 30 minutes. When the man was put on a trestle a police horse jostled it and the man nearly fell off as he was carried out to the ambulance. The police surrounded the park where the meeting took place. They surrounded the area so that people could not escape.'
- ^ OFTEL Submission to the ITC on competition issues arising from the award of digital terrestrial television multiplex licences:"The OFT has already found BSkyB to be dominant in the wholesale market for premium programming content (particularly certain sports and movie rights). BSkyB also currently controls the satellite network for direct to the home (DTH) pay television in the UK. Given its control of premium programming content, it also controls a vital input into the cable companies transmission and programme activities."http://www.ofcom.org.uk/static/archive/oftel/ind_info/broadcasting/dtt.htm
- ^ Jonny Blog (19 May 2009). "Blogspot". J-blogswebzine.blogspot.com. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Clark, Andrew (7 May 2009). "News Corp will charge for newspaper websites, says Rupert Murdoch". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 10 April 2010.
- ^ Shirky, Clay (13 March 2009). "Newspapers and Thinking the Unthinkable". Shirky.com. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Chenoweth (2001) pp. 300–303, 87–90, 177
- ^ "News Corp in $580m internet buy". BBC News. 19 July 2005. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
- ^ Fixmer, Andy, "News Corp. Calls Quits on Myspace With Specific Media Sale", Business Week, June 29, 2011
- ^ "News Corp. Acquires IGN for $650 Million". BusinessWeek. 11 September 2005. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Associated Press "Burkle, Web Exec Might Team on Dow"[dead link]
- ^ Litterick, David (1 August 2007). "Daily Telegraph report of acquisition". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Day to Day. "Marketplace Report: Murdoch's Big Buy". Npr.org. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "Seven loses C7 case". ABC News. Australia. 27 July 2007. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ here [1][dead link]
- ^ a b c "BBC News – Phone hacking scandal: Timeline". Bbc.co.uk. 2011-07-12. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ "Phone hacking: David Cameron announces terms of phone-hacking inquiry". The Telegraph. 13 July 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ Andrew Harris; Justin Blum and Bob Van Voris (2011-07-15). "News Corp. Phone-Hacking Accusations Probed by the FBI". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 2011-07-17. "'There have been members of Congress in the United States who have asked us to investigate the same allegations, and we are progressing in that regard using the appropriate federal law enforcement agencies in the U.S.,' Holder told a group of Australian justice officials, according to Laura Sweeney, a spokeswoman for the U.S. Justice Department."
- ^ a b Don Garden, Theodor Fink: A Talent for Ubiquity (Melbourne University Press 1998)
- ^ Shawcross, pp. 30–39
- ^ Michael Roland, Murdoch tight-lipped on election, ABC News Online, published 20 October 2007
- ^ "Rudd too sensitive to criticism: Murdoch". Brisbane Times. 7 November 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ 7 November 2009 12:00 am (7 November 2009). "Rudd too sensitive for own good: Murdoch". The Australian. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "Comment: Rudd and the Murdoch Press". The Monthly: pp. 8–11. September 2009. Retrieved 26 October 2009.
- ^ Given, Jock (December 2002). "Foreign Ownership of Media and Telecommunications: an Australian story". Media & Arts Law Review 7 (4): 253
- ^ "The World's Billionaires No.73 Rupert Murdoch". Forbes. 7 October 2007. Retrieved 8 October 2009
- ^ David McKnight, "Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation: A Media Institution with A Mission," Historical Journal of Film, Radio & Television, Sept 2010, Vol. 30 Issue 3, pp 303–316,
- ^ "/ US & Canada – Murdoch to host fundraiser for Hillary Clinton". Financial Times. 8 May 2006. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Read Andrew Sullivan in TheAtlantic magazine (29 May 2008). "The Daily Dish , By Andrew Sullivan". Andrewsullivan.theatlantic.com. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "Hilary Rosen: Rupert Murdoch Says Obama Will Win". Huffington Post. USA. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Rutenberg, Jim (1 October 2010). "News Corp. Donates $1 million to U.S. Chamber of Commerce". New York Times. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
- ^ "Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. donates $1M to U.S. Chamber of Commerce". cleveland.com. 2 October 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
- ^ "Murdoch says Kasich friendship influenced $1 million donation". Yahoo News. 7 October 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
- ^ Murdoch Joins Board of Directors[dead link]
- ^ Douglas, Torin (14 September 2004). "Forty years of The Sun". BBC News. Retrieved 10 April 2010.
- ^ Shawcross, William (3 November 1999). "Rupert Murdoch". TIME. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
- ^ "Blair 'attacked BBC over Katrina'". BBC News. 18 September 2005. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
- ^ "Murdoch flirts with Conservatives". BBC News. 28 June 2006. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Wapshott, Nicholas (23 July 2006). "The world according to Rupert". The Independent (London). Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-14111966
- ^ "Rupert Murdoch to back David Cameron at next general election – exclusive". The Daily Telegraph (London). 10 July 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2010.
- ^ "Paying tribute to Murdoch: Cameron promises the end of Ofcom "as we know it" , Media Money". Blogs.pressgazette.co.uk. 6 July 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Grice, Andrew (29 July 2006). "Murdoch set to back Blair – for a place in his boardroom". The Independent (London). Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "Sheridan claims to be 'victim of MI5 plot'". The Scotsman. UK. Retrieved 25 April 2010.[dead link]
- ^ Sengupta, Kim (17 December 2007). "Tommy Sheridan charged with perjury". The Independent (London). Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Grice, Andrew (24 October 2008). "Cameron, Murdoch and a Greek island freebie". The Independent (London). Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- ^ Hencke, David (25 October 2008). "Tories try to play down Aegean dinner". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- ^ Records Show Britain's Cameron Kept Close Ties to Murdoch Officials VOA News 16 July 2011.
- ^ "The Battle of Wapping, Mk II – Press, Media". The Independent (UK). Retrieved 12 July 2011.
- ^ Toby Helm and Daniel Boffey. "Phone hacking: I warned No 10 over Coulson appointment, says Ashdown". Guardian. UK. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
- ^ ""Murdoch's companies published two novels by his then wife: Family Business (1988) and Coming to Terms (1991); both are widely regarded as vanity publications."". Wn.com. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
- ^ "',The Boy Who Wouldn't Be King',". Nymag.com. 19 September 2005. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "The Fourth Estate". The Official Site for Jefferey Archer. Retrieved 29 August 2010.[dead link]
- ^ Feirstein, Bruce (29 January 2008). "Bruce Feirstein: The Tao of Bond-Film Naming.". Vanity Fair.
- ^ Lucas, Michael P. [2] Los Angeles Times (1 June 1999). Retrieved on 8 April 2010.
- ^ Memmott, Mark (12 July 2004). ""Another film joins the political debate today when Outfoxed: Rupert Murdoch's War on Journalism is unveiled in New York.'Outfoxed' accuses Fox of slanting the news. Outfoxed, which is being promoted by the liberal advocacy group MoveOn, charges that Fox News executives order their cable TV anchors, reporters and producers to slant the news to be pro-Republican and pro-Bush administration."". USA Today. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
- ^ http://community.eu.playstation.com/t5/Chew-the-fat-on-the-sofa/What-s-some-good-documentaries-you-ve-seen/td-p/11207405 "Outfoxed: Rupert Murdoch's War On Journalism – A look at the reach of the fox [sic] news network (around 3/4 of the earth's population), and how certain views are over-looked or enhanced, depending on how they want to affect opinions."
- ^ Rupert Murdoch profile page Forbes. Retrieved September 2010.
References
- Chenoweth, Neil (2001). Rupert Murdoch, the untold story of the world's greatest media wizard. New York: Random House.
- Conrad, Mark (25 April 1999). "Murdoch Stymied in Purchase of 'United'". Retrieved 23 June 2007[dead link]
- Dover, Bruce. Rupert's Adventures in China: How Murdoch Lost A Fortune And Found A Wife (Mainstream Publishing).
- Ellison, Sarah. War at the Wall Street Journal: Inside the Struggle To Control an American Business Empire, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. ISBN 9780547152431 (Also published as: War at The Wall Street Journal: How Rupert Murdoch Bought an American Icon, Melbourne, Text Publishing, 2010.)
- Evans, Harold. Good Times, Bad Times, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1983
- Harcourt, Alison (2006). European Union Institutions and the Regulation of Media Markets. London, New York: Manchester University Press. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/0719066441
- McKnight, David. "Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation: A Media Institution with A Mission," Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, Sept 2010, Vol. 30 Issue 3, pp 303–316
- Page, Bruce (2003). The Murdoch Archipelago. Simon and Schuster UK.
- Shawcross, William (1997). Murdoch: the making of a media empire. New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Souchou, Yao (2000). "House of Glass – Culture, Modernity, and the State in Southeast Asia". Bangkok: White Lotus.|0719066441
- McKnight, David. "Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation: A Media Institution with A Mission," Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, Sept 2010, Vol. 30 Issue 3, pp 303–316
- Page, Bruce (2003). The Murdoch Archipelago. Simon and Schuster UK.
- Shawcross, William (1997). Murdoch: the making of a media empire. New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Souchou, Yao (2000). "House of Glass – Culture, Modernity, and the State in Southeast Asia". Bangkok: White Lotus.]].
External links
| Find more about Rupert Murdoch on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
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- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Rupert Murdoch on Charlie Rose
- Rupert Murdoch at the Internet Movie Database
- Rupert Murdoch collected news and commentary at Al Jazeera English
- Rupert Murdoch collected news and commentary at Bloomberg News
- Rupert Murdoch collected news and commentary at The Economist
- Rupert Murdoch collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- Rupert Murdoch collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Rupert Murdoch collected news and commentary at The Wall Street Journal
- Works by or about Rupert Murdoch in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Rupert Murdoch at the Notable Names Database
- Profile at Forbes
- Murdoch, Rupert (1931–) resources from Trove at the National Library of Australia
- Murdoch Family tree
- Bill Moyers on Rupert Murdoch, 29 June 2007
- Arsenault, A & Castells, M. (2008) Rupert Murdoch and the Global Business of Media Politics. International Sociology. 23(4)
- Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. Gives Big To GOP – audio report by NPR
- Review of Bruce Page's "The Murdoch Archipelago", by Godfrey Hodgson
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Categories: 1931 births | Alumni of Worcester College, Oxford | American billionaires | American libertarians | American publishers (people) | American mass media owners | American people of Australian descent | Australian billionaires | Australian businesspeople | Australian emigrants to the United States | Australian libertarians | Australian mass media owners | Australian people of Scottish descent | Businesspeople from Melbourne | Companions of the Order of Australia | Critics of the European Union | Fox Broadcasting Company executives | Living people | Los Angeles Dodgers owners | Major League Baseball executives | Murdoch family | Naturalized citizens of the United States | New York Post people | News Corporation | News International phone hacking scandal | Newspaper publishers (people) | People educated at Geelong Grammar School | People from Adelaide
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